第三部分进一步阅读书目(第2/2页)

伊斯兰教世界。关于现代伊斯兰教世界的历史学仍然处于相当不满意的状态。下列通史著作是有帮助的:H.A.R.Gibb and Harold Bowen,Islamic Society and the West I:Islamic Society in the Eighteenth Century,2 parts(London,1950,1957);Wilfred Cantwell Smith,Islam in Modern History(Princeton,1957);Gustave E.von Grunebaum,Modern Islam:the Search for Cultural Identity(Berkeley,1962);H.A.R.Gibb,Modern Trends in Islam(Chicago,1947);和Gustave E.von Grunebaum,ed.,Unity and Variety in Muslim Civilization(Chicago,1955)。Marshall G.S.Hodgson的杰作 The Venture of Islam,3 vols.(Chicago,1974)在第二部分进一步阅读书目说明中已经列出了。Clifford Geertz,Islam Observed(New Haven,1968)分析了在伊斯兰教世界极端地区宗教与地方传统之间的相互影响。关于伊斯兰教个别地区,结果如下:George Antonius,The Arab Awakening(London,1938);Zeine N.Zeine,The Emergence of Arab Nationalism(Beirut,1966);Bernard Lewis,The Arabs in History,new ed.(London,1966);Bernard Lewis,The Emergence of Modern Turkey(New York,1961);Wilfred Cantwell Smith,Modern Islam in India:A Social Analysis,rev.ed.(London,1947);Percy Sykes,A History of Persia,3rded.,2 vols.(London,1952);和Peter Avery,Modern Iran(New York,1962)。

印度。Percival Spear,India:A Modern History(Ann Arbor,1961),和他对Vincent A.Smith,The Oxford History of India3rded.(Oxford,1958)的修订本,提供了一个基本的指南。K.M.Panikkar,A Survey of Indian History,3rded.(Bombay,1956),提出了一种印度的观点。Stanley Wolpert,A New History of India(New York,1977)在第二部分进一步阅读书目说明中已经提及。Percy Brown,Indian Painting under the Mughals,A.D.1550 to A.D.1750(Oxford,1924)提供了对伟大的莫卧儿皇帝统治下的印度文化的深刻见解。我对这个帝国的历史所知不多,但是它的创立者的回忆录,Annette S.Beveridge,tr.,Baburs Memoirs,4 vols.(London,1912~1921)读来令人愉快。W.H.Moreland的两部著作:India at the Death of Akbar:An Economic Study(London,1920);From Akbar to Aurangzeb,A Study in Indian Economic History(London,1923);和M.Athar Ali,The Mughal Nobility under Aurangzeb(New York,1966)是有帮助的。还可参见Richard G.Fox,Kin,Clan,Raja and Rule:State-Hinterland Relations in Preindustrial India(Berkeley,1971)。

中国和日本。E.O.Reischauer,J.K.Fairbank,and A.M.Craig,East Asia:Tradition and Transformation(Boston,1973)和George M.Beckman,The Modernization of China and Japan(New York,1962)提供了远东近代历史的概述。Immanuel Hsu,The Rise of Modern China,2nd ed.(New York,1975)是对近代中国历史的最好概述。Charles R.Boxer,Fidalgos in the Far East,1550~1700(Hague,1948)老练地论述了葡萄牙的作用。关于基督教传教士,参见:Kenneth Scott Latourette,A History of Christian Missions in China(New York,1929)和Arnold H.Rowbotham, Missionary and Mandarin:The Jesuits at the Court of China(Berkeley,1942)。关于政府,见 Franz Michael,The Origin of Manchu Rule in China(Baltimore,1942)和Etienne Balazs,Political Theory and Administrative Reality in Traditional China(London,1965)。Jonathan Spence,The Death of Woman Wang(New York,1978)是中华帝国晚期下层社会生活的形象描述。Ping-ti Ho,Studies on the Population of China,1368~1953(Cambridge,1959);同一作者的The Ladder of Success in Imperial China:Aspects of Social Mobility,1368~1911(New York,1962);Chung-li Chang,The Chinese Gentry:Studies in their Role in Nineteenth Century Chinese Society(Seattle,1955);和Hsiao-tung Fei,Peasant Life in China:A Field Study of Country Life in the Yangtze Valley(New York,1946)都论述了最近几个世纪中国社会的秩序和无序问题。关于技术,Sun E-tu Zen and Sun S.C.,Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century(University Park,Pa.,1966)。Theodore de Bary,ed.,Sources of Chinese Tradition(New York,1966)是按照年代和主题顺序编辑的文献翻译汇编,非常有用。John K.Fairbank,ed.,Chinese Thought and Institutions(Chicago,1957)探讨了中国思想史,John K.Fairbank,ed.,The Chinese World Order:Traditional Chinese Foreign Relations(Cambridge,Mass.,1968)也富有启迪意义。

Osvald Siren,A History of Later Chinese Painting,2 vols.(London,1938)提供了近代中国艺术的最好标本。学生也可以通过选读传统的中国小说来熟悉中国社会的本质。其中2本最重要的小说可以得到英文译本:Wu Ching-tzu,The Scholars(New York,1972)和Tsao Chan,Dream of the Red Chamber(New York,1958)。

至于日本近代历史的研究,参见:George B.Sansom,The Western World and Japan(New York,1950);Donald Keene,The Japanese Discovery of Europe(New York,1954);Charles R.Boxer,The Christian Century in Japan,1549~1650 (Berkeley,1951);Conrad D.Totman,Politics in the Tokugawa Bakufu,1600~1843(Cambridge,Mass.,1967);Robert N.Bellah,Tokugawa Religion(Glencoe,III.,1957);Maruyama Masao,Studies in the Intellectual History of Tokugawa Japan(Princeton,1974);William R.Braisted,tr.,Meiroku Zasshi:Journal of the Japanese Enlightenment(Cambridge,Mass.,1976);Hugh Borton,Japans Modern Century(New York,1955);和Tetsuo Najita,Japan(Englewood Cliffs,N.J.,1974)。Thomas C.Smith,The Agrarian Origins of Modern Japan(Stanford,1959),是一部阐述早期近代日本社会的杰作。

Peter C.Swann, An Introduction to the Arts of Japan(Oxford,1958)是一本有帮助的著作。Ichitaro Kondo,ed.,Hiroshige,The Fifty-three Stages of the Tokaido(Honolulu,1965)提供了由最伟大的日本艺术家之一翻译的德川时代后期社会的景象。Howard Hibbert,The Floating World in Japanese Fiction(New York,1959)是对德川时代日本世俗小说的优秀介绍。